You are understanding it right, but it is difficult to find turbos that are run in peak efficiency all the time. Usually it's a compromise. You can map an acceleration run, or a 1/4 pass on a compressor map to see how well your turbo matches your buildup. Typically you'll have a horizontal line as you flow more air. If you can stay within peak efficiency (or nearly) for a good amount of time, you have a well matched setup.
Let's do a quick experiment. Tony's Syclone.
Before I look at the map (too late), raw data
Syclone (est 3800lbs) 10.7 @ 128, 27psi (or 2.8 pressure ratio) on a 72 (same map shown)
HP calculators say 610-620hp for this (we are just talking ballpark)
This is at the wheel, so we'll say 750hp at the crank.
So assuming peak hp of 750, guesstimate from his truck accelerating 4000-5500, the map is a line going from 550-750hp, or 55-75lbs/min at a pressure ratio of 2.8.
Damn, that put his truck right in the broadest section of the ~76% efficiency map. Nice eh? 8)
Let's do a quickie for my old Syclone buildup.
assume 3800lb 11.0 @ 125, 21psi (or 2.4 ratio), in a 63 turbo
Gives me ~570hp, at the wheels. Crank, we'll say 650hp.
Assume same scenario of engine acceleration from 4000-5500, hp goes from 450-650, or 45-65lbs/min at 2.4 ratio.
Here's the map for a 64, which I was told is the same map for a 63.
Based on my numbers above, I was in peak efficiency for much of the run, but at the tail end/high rpm area, it starts to drop off quickly. I saw my MAT temps increase some, as well as boost level dropping off during these passes. This was the main reason I stepped up to a 72 that winter after my passes, thinking that it'd support my engine better than the 63 did.