You can run anything with enough money. A 6" rod will probably require custom pistons with the bottom ring land spanning the wrist pin hole. I'm not sure it's something you'd want to do.
Joe Sherman did a comparison of 5.7 vs 6" rods in either a 383 or 406 in Car Craft or Hot Rod years ago. The 6" rod made more power.
I think he went with the long rod for longer TDC dwell during compression or something to that effect, but it's a whole system you have to tie it all together. You'd need to find a GOOD engine builder that can maximize the benefit of a long rod motor.